OXINIUM heads on XLPE liners: no fracture, chipping or squeaking

The ceramic surface of OXINIUM heads is not a coating, so it cannot chip or flake. The original metal surface is transformed into a ceramic through thermal processing, providing you with the only unbreakable ceramic on the market that is not a coating.1,2,3
The ceramic surface of OXINIUM heads is integral with the metal alloy which allows OXINIUM heads to provide ceramic wear performance without the risk of fracture.2,4,5  Whether it is fracture, chipping or squeaking that you are concerned about, OXINIUM heads on XLPE liners address all of these concerns.

References

1 Hunter, G., Dickinson, J., Herb, B., et al. (2005). Creation of oxidized zirconium orthopaedic implants. J. ATSM Int., 2 (7).

2 Sheth, N., Lementowski, P., Hunter, G., Garino, J. (2008). Clinical Applications of Oxidized Zirconium. J. Surgical Orthopaedic Advances, 17(1).

3 Hunter, G. (2001) Adhesion testing of oxidized zirconium. Trans. 27th Ann. Mtg. Soc. Biomaterials, Society for Biomaterials, Minneapolis, MN, 540.
 
4 Hobbs, L., Rosen, V., Mangin, S., et al. (2005). Oxidation microstructures and interfaces in the oxidized zirconium knee. J. Appl. Ceram. Tech., (2), 221-246.

5 Sprague, J., Salehi, A. Tsai S., et al., Mechanical behavior of zirconia, alumina, and oxidized zirconium modular heads. In ISTA 2003, vol. 2, edited by S. Brown, I. C Clarke, A. Gustafson, International Society for Technology in Arthroplasty, Birmingham, AL, 2004.

OXINIUM heads on XLPE liners: a hypoallergenic

Patients have drastically different tolerances to metal ions. Nickel allergy has been demonstrated in up to 20% of patients with well-functioning implants and up to 55% of patients with poorly functioning implants.6
				Metal sensitivity skin rash reaction to an orthopaedic implant
OXINIUM material has no detectable nickel content. Compared to the traditional metal used in hip implants, the zirconium and niobium contained in OXINIUM material are more biocompatible. This makes OXINIUM heads an appropriate choice for patients with metal sensitivities.7,8,9,10,11 Whether it’s metal sensitivity or metal ions you are concerned about, OXINIUM heads on XLPE liners address both of these issues.

References

6 Hallab, N. (2004). Lympohocyte transformation testing for quantifying metal-implant-related hypersensitivity responses. Dermatitis, 15 (2), 82-92.

7 Kovacs, P., Davidson J., Chemical and electrochemical aspects of the biocompatibility of titanium and its alloys. In American Society for Testing and Materials: Medical Applications of Titanium and Its Alloys, pp. 163-178, edited by S. A. Brown, J.E. Lemons, ASTM STP 1272, American Society for Testing and Materials, West Conshohocken, PA 1996.

8 Hallab, N., Merritt, K., Jacobs, J. (2001). Metal sensitivity in patients with orthopaedic implants. Journ. Bone Joint Surg., 83 (A), 428-436.

9 M arek, M., Pawar, V., Tsai. S., et al. (2006). Galvanic corrosion evaluation of Zr-2.5Nb coupled with orthopaedic alloys. In Medical Device Materials, 3, (pp. 195-201). Materials Park, OH: R. Venugopalan, M. Wu, ASM International Edition.

10 N asser, S., Mott, M., Wooley, P. (2006). A prospective comparison of ceramic and oxinium TKA components in metal hypersensitivity patients. Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the American Academy of orthopaedic Surgeons, (pp. 194) San Diego, CA.

11 Lhotka, C., Szekerea, T., Steffan, T., Zhubar, K., and Zweymuller, K. 2003). Four year study of cobalt and chromium blood levels in patients managed with two different metal on metal total hip replacements. J. Ortho Research, 21 (2), 189-195.

OXINIUM heads on XLPE liners: lower risk of osteolysis

Smith & Nephew XLPE acetabular liners produce less wear particles than other cross-linked polyethylenes.12,13,14 When combined with OXINIUM heads, wear debris is further reduced in comparison with standard CoCr heads.
Simulator results utilizing the active high demand patient profile demonstrate that OXINIUM heads outperform CoCr heads on XLPE. OXINIUM heads minimize the material-related risks associated with other advanced bearings, while meeting the requirements of active patients. Whether it is the demands of active patients or prosthesis longevity that you are concerned about, OXINIUM heads on XLPE liners are a great choice.16

References

3 Hunter, G. (2001) Adhesion testing of oxidized zirconium. Trans. 27th Ann. Mtg. Soc. Biomaterials, Society for Biomaterials, Minneapolis, MN, 540.

12 Good, V., Ries, M., Barrack, Rl, et al. (2003). Reduced wear with oxidized zirconium femoral heads. J. Bone Joint Surg., 85 (A suppl 4) 105-110.

13 Ries, M., Scott, M., Jani, S. (2001). Relationship between gravimetric wear and particles generation in hip simulators: conventional compared with cross-linked polyethylene. J. Bone Joint Surg. Am., 83, S116-122.

14 Scott, M., Morrison, M., Mishra, S., Jani, S. (2002). A method to quantify wear particle volume using atomic force microscopy. ORS Transactions, 27, 132.

15 Smith & Nephew. (2008). Smith & Nephew (Internal Report). Parikh, et. al.

16 M .G. Li, Z.K. Zhou, D.J. Wood, S.M. Rohrl, J.L. Loppolo, and B. Nivbrandt. (2006) Low wear with high-cross linked polyethylene especially in combination with Oxinium heads. A RSA evaluation. Trans. Orthop. Res. Soc., 31, 643.